Nemanja Kalezić

A culture of memory: Youth societies in the 19th century

The lifeblood of every society

The article "Overview of the State" by Jevrem Grujić was printed in Zemun in 1849 because censorship banned it in Serbia. The words devoted to "inner liberation" are still very relevant today, and it does not help today's "mature" generations that today's youth have to repeat them as if we were not 170 years away from the time of their origin. In short: "For internal liberation, it is necessary to present to our people: What is it as a nation, what rights should it have? - What is the government, why and from whom, and what are its limits? Tell it precisely: What does it mean for a nation to live in a state and invite it to live that way too"

The culture of memory

Female students in Serbia

The first girls to graduate from universities in Belgrade were Leposava Bošković and Kruna Dragojlović, both of whom graduated in 1891. By the way, Belgrade University was founded in 1905, and female students ceased to be an exception because they were formally enabled to study regularly. Before the First World War, girls made up ten percent of the student population, which was close to the European average

A culture of memory: The 1962 student demonstrations over the assassination of Patrice Lumumba

Do you remember Tshombe?

During the day, the approach to the Belgian embassy was blocked. Already at 17 p.m., large groups of demonstrators, mostly students, approached the embassy, ​​broke through the cordon of the law enforcement authorities and, after provocations by the Belgian embassy staff, attacked the very building of the diplomatic mission. Only with the arrival of new reinforcements did the forces of order establish control over the disturbances in which more than 80 people were lightly and seriously injured.

The culture of memory

More than a hundred years of a form of hybrid warfare

What was written in the leaflets that different armies littered the areas of Serbia and the former Yugoslavia from 1914 to 1999? What were they used for and what effect did they have on the morale of soldiers and civilians? Finally, why the promises made in those leaflets were regularly false

The culture of memory

Newspapers from "trench hair 150 meters from Bulgaria"

No matter how foreign handwritten periodicals seem to today's generations, they played a big role in preserving the morale of the participants of the First World War, especially since the initiative rarely came from the competent authorities, but the actors themselves started the papers in order not to cut short the hours of leisure and indulge in those gloomy times. It illustrates in the best way what was on their mind, what emotions prevailed and how they tried to forget about everyday life.

The culture of memory

Media image of Serbia in the First World War

How and where Serbian newspapers were published from 1914 to 1918, what they wrote about and what they didn't keep silent about, what problems they had and how they solved them and, especially, why small ads were so important

Steam in garlic

Schooling during the First World War

Education as a pledge of a better future for society

In order not to idealize the past, we should be aware that even the ruling elite at that time was prone to corruption, nepotism and abuse of political power, but they still understood that they had to make sure that future generations were provided with education, as one of the important prerequisites for their descendants to have a more fulfilling and beautiful life and lighter. By the term "ruling elite" today we mean the will of one man, and this is one of the many causes of this state of affairs in society, which must always rest on education.